Concentrate and work your ears to acquire the main ideas provided,

More videos are coming later to enable a learner master the main skills required to enhance listening comprehension skills.

Listening Comprehension:

Hoover & Tunmer (1993) in Cross (1999: 21) define listening comprehension process as a measure of "one's ability to understand something". This measurement is gained by having the listener "answer questions (orally) about the content of a narrative passage presented orally". Owca et al (2003: 20) also confirm that listening comprehension includes responding to and interacting with the speaker quite frequently. Gruba, P. (1997: 336-337) defines listening comprehension as an active process in which listeners select and interpret information which comes from auditory and visual cues in order to define what is going on and what the speakers are trying to express. Ulper, H. (2009: p. 568) has defined listening comprehension as a complex process in which a person should be mentally active: in order to differentiate the words, stress, intonation and grammatical structure of listeners; to constitute meaningful combinations by making classifications or combinations; to fill in the gaps logically by using background knowledge; to keep in mind and evaluate what has been listened to and to construct meaning. While Kultu, O. and Aslanoglu, A. (2009: p. 2013, and Yalcınkaya. F. et al (2009: 1137) define listening comprehension as a process of one individual perceiving another via sense, (specifically aural) organs, assigning a meaning to the message and comprehending it. So, it is not sufficient for us to hear our counterparts, but it is also necessary to understand them, to think about what they should say, and thus to be an effective listener.

Thus, listening comprehension involves mutual interaction between the listener and the source of the oral passage (a tape, a teacher, a computerized sound, or even any person in the street). The listener should concentrate on what is being said and develop his short- term memory to be able to answer any question related to the orally produced passage afterwards. It is an active process in which the listener uses his lingual abilities and background information to interpret and follow what is presented in the aural material

Listening:

Schwartz (1998:5) defines listening as it is a process which has been characterized as a transaction, as it involves a sender (a person, radio, television) and a receiver (the listener). This transaction is defined by the short- lived nature of the message and the receiver's lack of control over what he/she hears. While El- Koumy (2002:62) has defined listening to be an active process in which the student constructs meaning from aural text. Owca et al (2003:17) also drag the same definition as they defined listening as something that someone does, actively, instead of something that happens to a person.

Hearing someone talk involves just the acquisition of sound while actually listening to a person speaking involves assimilating the information the person is transmitting into something meaningful for the listener. Therefore, listening is a process that is done intentionally, as the listener is aware of what is being produced, orally and aurally, not only hearing it spontaneously and unintentionally.

Are You Listening?

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Are You Listening?

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What is redaing comprehension

Reading Comprehension:
Ibrahim (1993) defined reading comprehension as the students' ability to read and understand a written English text and grasp the ideas and meaning therein, then reflecting what has been understood and grasped from the reading material presented. While Smith (1978; p.66) defined comprehension as follows:
"Prediction is asking questions and comprehension means getting these questions answered. Comprehension in schools is in the form of test are given always after a passage or a story has been read."
Reading comprehension represents the ability of the reader to scan the text using his eyes to elicit the mai idea of what is beiong followed visually, then working his mental abilities to enable him/her concentrate and focus on details to be able to acquire detals that enable him/her give a synopsis or even a condensed form of what i being read, besides h ability to answer comprehension questions relate to the context, or even predict what may come next. Thus mastering reading comprehension skill means that a reader should be able to recognize the unfamiliar words that meaning may depend on, besides phonological awareness skills should be mastered as well. Such skills enable him/her read fluently which represents a basic criteria for the professional reading performnce.

What is comprehesion

Comprehension:

Gustafson (2000:p.19) defines comprehension as an understanding process. It is an activity on a higher cognitive level where the reader makes use of personal experience; interpretations are made and conclusions are drowned. Lack of word recognition and intact comprehension is as in case of dyslexia. Ulper, H (2009: p. 568) defines comprehension as an active process which requires the ability to construct meaning by the text which someone is exposed to. This process also requires background knowledge, lexical and conceptual knowledge, comprehension skills and the ability to relate ideas.