Listening:

Schwartz (1998:5) defines listening as it is a process which has been characterized as a transaction, as it involves a sender (a person, radio, television) and a receiver (the listener). This transaction is defined by the short- lived nature of the message and the receiver's lack of control over what he/she hears. While El- Koumy (2002:62) has defined listening to be an active process in which the student constructs meaning from aural text. Owca et al (2003:17) also drag the same definition as they defined listening as something that someone does, actively, instead of something that happens to a person.

Hearing someone talk involves just the acquisition of sound while actually listening to a person speaking involves assimilating the information the person is transmitting into something meaningful for the listener. Therefore, listening is a process that is done intentionally, as the listener is aware of what is being produced, orally and aurally, not only hearing it spontaneously and unintentionally.